General Information

Site Name and Location:		American Prime Cleaners Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Description: Historical activity that resulted in contamination.		Drycleaning, using PCE was performed at this site from 1990 until December of 1996 when it was converted to a dry drop-off facility. A Phase II Site Assessment conducted in August of 1998 found PCE concentrations in soil samples as high as 100 mg/kg and PCE concentrations in groundwater as high as 42,000 ug/L. The shopping center in which the drycleaning facility was formerly located was razed in February 2000 and in March 2000, a total of 1,964 cubic yards of contaminated soil was excavated to a depth of 4 feet BLS in the former location of the drycleaning machine and the service door of the former facility. An additional 8 cubic yards of contaminated soil was excavated on March 14, 2000. The site is now in the parking lot of a newly constructed shopping center. The site setting is retail commercial/residential. In September of 1998, The Florida DEP received an application for the former facility for the Florida Drycleaning Solvent Cleanup Program and the site was determined to be eligible for state-funded cleanup in August of 1999.

Contaminants:

Contaminants: Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater (please avoid giving ranges).		Contaminant Conc in GW Conc. in Soil cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 36.2 mg/L Tetrachloroethene (PCE) 580 mg/L 35 ppm toluene 2.9 mg/L Trichloroethene (TCE) 48.4 mg/L
Other Contaminants Present: Indicates what other contaminants were found on-site
Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:		30 ft BLS
Plume Size:		100 ft x 40 ft x 25

Site Hydrology:

Depth to Groundwater:		5.22 - 7.10 ft BLS
Lithology and Subsurface Geology:		Surface-5 ft BLS: very fine to fine-grained sand, trace of clay; 5-12 ft BLS: fine-grained sand with a few clay lenses; 12-24 ft BLS: very fine to fine-grained sand; 24-30 ft BLS: very fine-grained sand with lenses of silt; 30-35 ft BLS: very fine to fine-grained sand with thin clay seams; 35-50 ft BLS: very fine to fine-grained sand.
Conductivity:		ft/day
Gradient:		0.0064

Pathways and DNAPL Presence:

Pathways:		None Specified
DNAPL Presence:		No

Vapor Intrusion Pathway:

Has the potential for vapor intrusion (VI) been evaluated?		No
Has a vapor mitigation system been installed?		Yes
Type of Vapor Mitigation System(s):		Soil Vapor Extraction

Remediation Scenario:

Cleanup Goals:		Soil: PCE = 30 ug/kg Groundwater: = 3 ug/l, TCE = 3 ug/l, cis 1,2-DCE = 70 ug/l, vinyl chloride 1 ug/l
Remedy Level:		Full Scale Remedy

Technologies:

Technologies Used:		In Situ: Soil Vapor Extraction Biostimulation Ex Situ: Carbon Adsorption
Other technologies used:
Why the technology was selected:		Although soil sampling found minimal contamination during the site assessment work conducted in 2006, an active soil gas survey (Modified Active Gas Sampling - MAGS) was conducted and soil gas samples collected had PCE concentrations as high as 17.2 mg/cubic meter, indicating sufficient PCE was still present in the unsaturated zone to continue to act as an ongoing source for groundwater contamination. Since the soil was permeable (fine to fine-grained sand) and was capped by the asphalt parking lot and the water table was relatively deep for a Jacksonville site, the decision was made to install a soil vapor extraction system to address contaminated soil at the site. Biostimuation using ChitoRem was chosen as the groundwater remedy because anerobic conditions existed in groundwater and PCE daughter products were present. ChitoRem SC-20 is a chitin complex. It has been described as a food grade biopolymer. It is composed of crushed crab shell material (< 1 mm in nominal size). It has an approximate composition of 20% chitin, 40% chitin-bound calcium carbonate, 30% protein and less than 9% nitrogen.
Date implemented:		Soil Vapor Extraction: September 24, 2009. Biostimulation (ChitoRem): September 2009.
Final remediation design:		The soil vapor extraction system consists of eleven (11) vertical vapor extraction wells constructed of 4-inch Schedule 40 PVC. The wells were screened from 1-4 ft BLS. The system is powered by a 7.5 HP blower. Off gas is treated via a 170-lb. G.A.C. vessel. The system design flow rate is 196 scfm with an applied vacuum of 20 inches w.c. ChitoRem SC-20 was emplaced in four 3-foot diameter boreholes drilled with a large diameter hollow stem auger. Three of these boreholes were drilled to a depth of 8 ft BLS. Amendment distribution wells, 6-inches in diamter, with 3 feet of 0.01-inch slot screen (formed in an L-shaped joint in the bottom of the auger hole) were installed in the bottom of the boreholes. The boreholes were backfilled with a mixture of #57 limestone and ChitoRem to approximatley one foot above the water table. Approximatley 25 pounds of ChitoRem was emplaced in each of the three distribution wells. Another 3 foot diamter borehole was drilled to 11 ft BLS and two 6-inch diameter amendment distribution wells were installed in the borehole with 7 foot of 0.01-inch slot screens installed slanted in the borehole. Approximatley 25 pounds of ChitRem was emplaced in each of these amendment distribution wells. The bottom 5.5 feet of this borehole was backfilled with a mixture of #57 limestone and ChitoRem. A total of 250 pounds of ChitoRem was used at the site.

Results and Next Steps:

Results to date:		The latest groundwater monitoring event was conducted on April 7, 2010. Highest PCE concentration in groundwater was 3.2 ug/l. Concentrations of TCE (13 ug/l) and cis 1,2-DCE (120 ug/l) were detected in groundwater samples collected from a down gradient monitor well and vinyl chloride has also been detected in this well (1.2 ug/l). This well had been non-detect for these contaminants. This is an indication that the ChitoRem has stimulated biodegradtin at the site. However, contaminant concentrations are relatively low. An air influent sample collected from the SVE system was non-detect for contaminants. The SVE system will be shut in for one month and then reactivated and sample to check for rebound.
Next Steps:

Costs:

Cost for Assessment:		$61,700
Cost to Design and Implement:		Design: $10,500 Implementation: $102,300
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:		$1300 per month
Total Costs for Cleanup:

Lessons Learned:

Lessons Learned:

Excavation of contaminated soil in March 2000, when the shopping center was razed, resulted in a large drop in contaminant concentrations in groundwater. PCE concentrations in groundwater were 40,000 ug/L. The highest PCE concentration found in gorundwater during the site assessment conducted in 2006 were 580 ug/L.

Contacts:

Principal Point of Contact:

Melissa Garvin, Environmental Specialist Bureau of Waste Cleanup (MS4520) Florida Department of Environmental Protection 2600 Blair Stone Road Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2400 Phone: (850) 245-8937 E-mail: Jennifer.A.Farrell@dep.state.fl.us Kelly Baltz, P.E., Consultant Golder & Associates 9428 Baymeadows Road Jacksonville, Florida 32256 Phone: (904) 421-4207 E-mail: Kelly_Baltz@Golder.com

Site Specific References:

Site Specific References:

Site Assessment Report: 2006 Remedial Action Plan: 2009 Construction Completion Report: 2010 Operation & Maintenance Reports 2009-2010.